Freedom from vanity (al-tawāḍuʿ) is a central concept in Islam, directly connected to the concept of tawḥīd (unity or divine oneness). According to the Qurʿān, Satan’s fall from grace was a direct result of his vanity. Having been ordered by God to bow to Adam, all the angels complied except Satan. Satan explained his defiance as follows: “I am better than [Adam]; You created me from fire and created him from clay” (7:12).